Nephrology Equation Strong evidence Clinical review pending v1.0.0

eGFR — CKD-EPI 2021 Creatinine Equation

What is the estimated glomerular filtration rate?

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About this tool

Race-free 2021 CKD-EPI creatinine equation with KDIGO GFR category visualisation.

Intended use

Adults with stable kidney function.

Outcome

Estimated measured GFR

Time horizon

Point in time

Derivation population

Pooled research and clinical cohorts (CKD-EPI consortium).

Limitations

Not valid in AKI or unstable creatinine.
Affected by muscle mass, diet and some drugs.

Clinical problems

Kidney function and AKI

Evidence

Evidence level

Strong evidence

Derived and externally validated in multiple cohorts (including prospective studies) and incorporated into major clinical guidelines. Methodology

Guideline status

Recommended by the NKF-ASN Task Force (2021) and KDIGO 2024 CKD guideline.

Evidence summaries for this tool are awaiting independent clinical review. Statistics are shown only where they could be attributed to a specific publication.

References

Original publicationInker LA, Eneanya ND, Coresh J, et al. New Creatinine- and Cystatin C-Based Equations to Estimate GFR without Race. N Engl J Med 2021;385:1737-1749. Find on PubMed (opens in a new tab)
GuidelineKidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int 2024;105(4S):S117-S314. Find on PubMed (opens in a new tab)

Version history

Version	Formula	Effective	Reviewer	Changes
v1.0.0	Inker 2021 (creatinine, race-free)	2026-10-03	—	Initial implementation with reference test vectors.

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Clinical decision support only. Interpret results in the context of the individual patient and current guidance; HumanPulse does not replace professional medical judgment.