SOFA Score (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment)
How much organ dysfunction does this critically ill patient have?
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About this tool
Six-organ score (0–24) quantifying organ dysfunction; used in the Sepsis-3 definition.
Intended use
ICU and acutely ill patients; best used to track change over time.
Outcome
Organ dysfunction (associated with ICU mortality)
Time horizon
Daily
Derivation population
European ICU cohorts (ESICM working group).
Limitations
- Requires laboratory and blood-gas data.
- Vasopressor doses and sedation affect component scores.
Clinical problems
Evidence
Evidence level
Strong evidence
Derived and externally validated in multiple cohorts (including prospective studies) and incorporated into major clinical guidelines. Methodology
Guideline status
Defines organ dysfunction in Sepsis-3 (acute change ≥ 2 points).
References
- Original publicationVincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, et al. The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. Intensive Care Med 1996;22:707-710. Find on PubMed (opens in a new tab)
- GuidelineSinger M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016;315:801-810. Find on PubMed (opens in a new tab)
Version history
| Version | Formula | Effective | Reviewer | Changes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| v1.0.0 | Vincent 1996 | 2026-10-03 | — | Initial implementation with reference test vectors. |
Related tools
Clinical decision support only. Interpret results in the context of the individual patient and current guidance; HumanPulse does not replace professional medical judgment.